| 
  • If you are citizen of an European Union member nation, you may not use this service unless you are at least 16 years old.

  • You already know Dokkio is an AI-powered assistant to organize & manage your digital files & messages. Very soon, Dokkio will support Outlook as well as One Drive. Check it out today!

View
 

IU4

Page history last edited by maria Ing 9 years, 4 months ago

Home | Key Assessment | IU1 | IU2 IU3 | IU5 

 

Mitosis Lesson Instructional Strategy

 

Instructional Unit 4 (IU4) discusses the beginning, middle and end activities of the instructional strategy to allow for student to master the performance objectives.  To implement these strategies and activities, appropriate media and delivery system will be determined. Finally, a rough draft of the materials to be utilized will be created.  

 

The goal statement is as follows:

Upon completion of this instructional unit 140 freshmen students from Euless Junior High will demonstrate an understanding of the process of mitosis and its importance in the growth and development of all organisms by (1) identifying types of cells that perform mitosis (2) explain the purpose of mitosis (3) distinguish mitosis as asexual versus sexual reproduction, (4) diagram the life cycle of cells, (5) identify major events that occur in each phase of the cell’s life cycle, and (6) create a diagram of nuclear division during mitosis.  

 

Beginning activities will list the learning objective, pose a question that will gain the attention of the students prior to beginning the lesson.  An entry behavior test will be given to assess the students ability to recall prerequisite knowledge for this topic. The beginning activities will last 5 minutes.  

 

Middle activities will include a pretest, presentation of content, guided practice, kinesthetic tools to help with recollection, and formative assessment.  A short multiple choice pretest will be given to allow students to start analyzing the process of mitosis and it's importance. This pretest will be combined with the entry behavior test. The presentation will review the prerequisite knowledge of vocabulary.  It will cover the cell cycle and the purpose and process of mitosis; the presentation will show images of cells undergoing mitotic phases. During the notes the instructor will show the hand gestures that will help the student remember the phases of the cell cycle and mitosis.  The presentation will last 15 minutes.  After the presentation students will work through a guided and independent practice of the phases of mitosis which will include labeling the phases of the cell cycle on a pie chart, identifying images of the phases of mitosis and matching the major events in each phase to the name of the phase.  Students will also take a practice test assessing their knowledge of what they have Students will have 14 minutes for practice with the concepts. Finally, students will be given an assessment to complete in 15 minutes, this assessment will be to create a mitosis flip book. 

 

The ending activities will include the instructor summarizing the objectives and the role of mitosis in organisms. The kinesthetic tool will be reviewed and a practice handout will be sent with the students to complete on their own to reinforce their learning of the cell cycle and mitosis.  The wrap up should last 3 minutes.  

 

Event

Instructional Strategy

Instructor or Student

Beginning

Activities

Warm-Up

To gain the attention of the students two images will be presented.  One of a fertilized egg and the other of cut.

 

Question: How do you suppose you grew from one single cell into the organism you are now with trillions of cells?  You’ve all had an injury, how did it heal?

Instructor: Project the images and questions on the screen for students to begin thinking about.  Briefly explain that cells will reproduce by dividing into two cells. 

 

 

Time: 2.5 min

Objectives

The purpose of this instructional unit is to enable students to explain the process of mitosis and its importance in the growth and development of all organisms to allow for the creation of a mitosis flip book.

 

The performance objectives are:

  1. Given a list of types of cells (CN), students will circle all cells that undergo mitosis (B) with no errors (CR).
  2. Using a computer or mobile device students will watch an instructional video (CN), and complete a worksheet reviewing the purpose of mitosis (B) with no errors (CR).
  3. Given terms and their definitions (CN), students will correctly (CR) match the reproductive term to their definition and identify which type would classify mitosis (B).
  4. Given a blank graphic organizer of the cell cycle (CN), students will correctly (CR) fill in the phases of the cell cycle (B).
  5. Using a computer or mobile device student will watch an instructional video (CN) and write the major events that occur in each phase of mitosis (B) with 100 % accuracy (CR).
  6. Student will accurately (CR), draw nuclear division during mitosis beginning with 2 chromosomes and ending with 2 identical daughter cells (B), using a graphic organizer (CN).

Instructor: Students will be informed that they will be expected to complete these performance objectives in order to complete their final assessment of completing a mitosis flip book.

 

Time: 30 sec

Prerequisites

The prerequisite knowledge for this lesson include:

  1.  Students will identify chromosomes and DNA alone with explain DNA replication.
  2.  Basic knowledge of cell structure and function and the cell theory would be of importance for this unit.
  3. Students will differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.  
  4. Students will explain that a cycle is a circular process and repeats indefinitely.
  5. Students will identify vocabulary associated with cell division.  

  

An entry behavior test will be completed by the students to demonstrate their prerequisite knowledge. 

Instructor: Identify the entry behaviors that students will need in order to complete this instructional unit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Instructor: Distribute the entry behavior/pretest.

Student: Complete the entry behavior/pre-test.

 

 

Time: 2 min

 

Middle Activities

Presentation of Content

A pretest will be assigned to the students prior to the presentation of the content.  The pretest will be included on the same test as the entry behavior test. 

 

The instructor will use PowerPoint and a projector on a whiteboard to present the following tasks: 

 

      1.1 Define somatic cells.   

           Somatic cells will be explained

           as all cells in the body other

           than reproductive cells. 

 

2.1 and 2.2 Identify the

    purpose of mitosis in

    unicellular and

    multicellular organisms.  

          It will be stated that

           unicellular organisms will

           reproduce through mitosis

           and multicellular organisms

           require mitosis for growth

           and repair. A short video will be

          watched and students will

           answer questions regarding the

            purpose of mitosis.

 

3.1 Define asexual

       reproduction. Asexual

       reproduction only requires

       one parent and offspring is

       genetically identical to the

       parent. 

 

3.2 Define mitosis. Mitosis is

       nuclear division, or division of

       the DNA.

 

Instructor: Distribute the entry behavior/pretest.

Student: Complete the entry behavior/pre-test.

 

 

Instructor: Project PowerPoint onto whiteboard and provide necessary definitions for the unit.  Also explain the purpose of mitosis in different types of organisms.

 

Time: 12 min

 

 

Instructor: Provide link to mitosis video.

Students: Watch the video and answer questions regarding purpose of mitosis. 

 

 

 

 

Time: 3 min

Guided Practice

Students will complete these activities with the assistance of the instructor.

 

4.1Identify major phases as    

Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis. A blank graphic organizer, will be completed listing each major phase of the cell cycle in it’s appropriate location.

 

4.2 Identify sub-phases of

“I” as (G1, S, G2) and “M” as (PMAT). Each sub-phase of Interphase and Mitosis will be listed on the graphic organizer in the correct order. Teacher will give pneumonic to help remember phase.

 

       5.1 List checkpoints of

             interphase and major

             events at each checkpoint.

            Each checkpoint will be

             written in on the graphic

             organizer. 

 

     5.2 List phases of mitosis

            and major events in each

            phase. Students will watch a

             short video identifying the

             phases of mitosis and the

             major events in order to add

             the major events in each phase

             of to their cell cycle graphic

             organizer.

 

Instructor: Provide students with blank cell cycle graphic organizers. Use PowerPoint to display a graphic organizer of the cell cycle and identify the major phases of the cell cycle.

Student: Fill in the graphic organizer with information presented by teacher.

 

Instructor: Present each sub-phase of Interphase and Mitosis.  Present pneumonic device to assist students in recalling the phases in order. Also, present the kinesthetic hand gestures, “mitosis cheer,” to aid students in learning phases of the cell cycle, including mitosis.

Student: Fill in the graphic organizer with information presented by teacher. Write the pneumonic device on the graphic organizer.  Participate in the kinesthetic learning activity.

 

Instructor: Present the checkpoints of the cell cycle.

Student: Record the checkpoint on the graphic organizer.

 

Instructor: Provide students with video link or present video on projector for the class to watch.

Student: Watch the video and write in major events that occur in each phase of mitosis onto the cell cycle graphic organizer.

 

Time: 4 min

Independent Practice

Complete an assignment that reviews all the concepts that were presented.  

Instructor: Provide the assignment for the student.

Student: Answer questions regarding cell cycle and mitosis to show acquisition of knowledge from the lesson.

 

Time: 10 min

Feedback

Provide time for students to ask clarifying questions about the purpose and process of mitosis.  Review the assignment as a formative assessment tool and re-explain any misconceptions that may come up in the process.

Instructor: Clarify any questions or misconceptions that students have.  Provide visuals of the process of mitosis for clarification.

Student:  Collaborate with classmates and teacher to improve understanding of mitosis. Ask questions to clarify any concept that is obscure.

 

Time: 2 min

Assessment

A practice test will be given as a formative assessment to allow students to scrutinize their knowledge.

 

A posttest will be given at the end of the lesson.  Students will complete the mitosis flipbook to demonstrate their knowledge of the process of cell division.

Instructor: Provide practice test to students.

Student: Complete the practice test

 

 

Instructor: Provided the posttest to the students.  

Student: Complete the post test.

 

Time: 12 min

Ending Activities

Closure

The instructor will summarize the major objectives of the day.  These include, phases of the cell cycle and mitosis and the purpose of mitosis. 

 

The instructor will lead the class in the “mitosis cheer” one more time.

 

A practice mitosis assignment will be sent with the students to have further practice on their own. 

Instructor: Summarize the major objectives and lead the “mitosis cheer.” Provide a practice worksheet for students.

Student: Participate in the “mitosis cheer” and complete the practice worksheet at home.

 

Time: 2 min

 

Media Selection and Delivery System

The method of delivery for this instructional unit is face-to-face.  The instructor will deliver a PowerPoint presentation to the students and they will also be provided with videos presentations over the content in the lesson. Below you will find the media selected for this lesson along with how it is used.

 

Projector and whiteboard. The projector and whiteboard will the primary tool for the instructor.  The instructor will project questions, graphic, information and videos on the whiteboard.  This tool will be used for the following parts of the lesson:

Beginning Activities

  • Gain Attention: The instructor will project the attention grabbing images and questions.
  • Prerequisites: The instructor will post the prerequisites for the lesson on the screen in order to review perviously taught concepts.

Middle Activities

  • Presentation of Content: The instructor will project the PowerPoint notes onto the whiteboard in order to present the lesson and concepts that the students are required to learn.
  • Guided Practice: The instructor will project the Cell Cycle graphic organizer as it is discussed allowing students to fill in their own graphic organizer. 
  •  Feedback: Instructor may go back to previously shown slides to re-explain information.

At any point in the lesson the instructor may write in any additional information into the notes using the whiteboard and an Expo marker since a screen is not being used. 

 

Computer. A computer will be used by the instructor to interface with the projector. Students may use the computer in the following sections:

Middle Activities

  • Presentation of Content: Students will watch a video to explain the purpose of mitosis in single and mulitcellular organisms.
  • Guided Practice: Students will watch a video to identify the major events that occur in each phase of mitosis. 

 

Software. The software needed for this instructional unit is PowerPoint.  The instructor will be using PowerPoint to present all necessary information to the students. 

 

Internet. Internet access will be required for the videos to be watched by the students. 

 

Handouts. Handouts will be used by students in the following sections:

Beginning Activities

  • Entry behavior test - assess prior knowledge 

Middle Activities

  • Presentation of Content:
    • Pretest - encourage students to begin thinking about the new concepts.  
    • Handout of the presentation notes for students to reference in the future and to write any additional notes.
  • Guided Practice  
    • Cell Cycle graphic organizer - Supplement to the notes.
  • Independent Practice - Worksheet with questions reviewing the content to prepare students for the posttest
  • Practice Test - allow students to test their knowledge prior to the post test
  • Posttest - complete the cell cycle flip book showing all the major events of mitosis. 

End Activities

  • Follow up worksheet to have more practice with mitosis at home. 

 

Rough Draft Materials

A. Gain Attention

The following images will be displayed on the whiteboard screen. The image on the left is of a fertilized human egg and the image on the right is of a knee healing after knee surgery.  

      

 

Question: How do you suppose you grew from one single cell into the organism you are now with trillions of cells?  You’ve all had an injury, how did it heal?

 

Cell division is how all new cells are made.  This allows us to grow from a single celled into an organism with trillions of cells.  It also allows us to replace cells that have been damaged or died.  Cell division is what allows life to continue.  

 

B.  Goal and Objective

Goal: Upon completion of this instructional unit 140 freshmen students from Euless Junior High will demonstrate an understanding of the process of mitosis and its importance in the growth and development of all organisms by (1) identifying types of cells that perform mitosis (2) explain the purpose of mitosis (3) distinguish mitosis as asexual versus sexual reproduction, (4) diagram the life cycle of cells, (5) identify major events that occur in each phase of the cell’s life cycle, and (6) create a diagram of nuclear division during mitosis.

 

Objectives:

     1. Given a list of types of cells, students will circle all cells that undergo mitosis with no errors. 

     2. Using a computer or mobile device, students will watch an instructional video and complete a worksheet reviewing the purpose of mitosis with no errors.  

     3. Given terms and their definitions, students will correctly match the reproductive term to their definition and identify which type would classify mitosis.

     4. Given a blank graphic organizer of the cell cycle, students will correctly fill in the phases of the cell cycle.

     5. Using a computer or mobile device student will watch an instructional video and write the major events that occur in each phase of mitosis with 100 % accuracy.     

     6. Student will accurately, draw nuclear division during mitosis beginning with 2 chromosomes and ending with 2 identical daughter cells, using a graphic organizer.

 

C. Prerequisites 

Prior to students receiving information in this instructional unit there is some prior knowledge that is required.   Students will identify chromosomes and DNA alone with explain DNA replication.  Basic knowledge of cell structure and function and the cell theory would be of importance for this unit. Students will differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.  Students will explain that a cycle is a circular process and repeats indefinitely. Students will identify vocabulary associated with cell division.  

 

Please answer the three entry level questions on the entry behavior test questions.

 

1. What is the purpose of DNA replication?

    a. to make proteins                b. create two identical sets of DNA                 c. to make a back up set in case of damage                      d. to make the nucleus bigger

 

2. Which of the image represents a prokaryote?

 a. c. 
b.  d.  

 

3. Condensed DNA is known as

a. centromere        b. chromosomes       c. centriole          d. spindle fibers

 

D. Presentation of Content

Prior to delivering the content a pretest will be given.  To simplify the task and to expedite the process, the pretest will be attached along with the entry behavior test.

 

               Pretest

1. What step in Interphase does the DNA replicate?

a. Growth 1 (G1)         b. Synthesis (S)        c. Growth 2 (G2)       d. Mitosis (M)

 

2. Mitosis is a form of 

a. sexual reproduction          b. cloning             c. asexual reproduction           d. unisex reproduction

 

3. Identify metaphase.  

 

PowerPoint presentation : Instructor will present the PowerPoint covering the cell cycle and mitosis.  

Link to video at end of presentation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEJuGFsNeBI 

 

Handout #1 Fill in notes to supplement Mitosis PowerPoint Presnetation

Notes Page 1

 

Notes Page 2

 

D. Guided Practice

Handout #2 Cell cycle graphic organizer. In conjunction with the PowerPoint and teacher assistance, students will use the work bank to complete the Cell cycle chart.

 

 

Directions:

1. In the sections of the pie chart write in the words from the word bank.

WORD BANK: Interphase, Cytokinesis, Mitosis, G1, G2, S Phase, M Phase 

2. Fill in the major event for each piece of the pie.

  •  Normal cell activity and growth  
  • DNA Replication  
  • Division of cytoplasm  
  • Division of nuclear material  
  • Doubles cytoplasm & organelles

3. Indicate location of each checkpoint

  • G1 checkpoint
  • G2 checkpoint
  • Mitosis checkpoint 

 

 

 

E. Independent Practice

Handout #3: Worksheet to review concepts covered in the notes and guided practice.

 

Mitosis Worksheet & Diagram Identification


 

  1. Chromosomes move to the middle of the spindle during what phase? _______________

 

  1. What are sister chromatids?  When do they separate? ___________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

 

  1. During which phase do chromsomes first become visible? ________________________

 

  1. In muclticellular organisms, the cell cycle produces groups of cells that perform the same function.  What are these groups of cells called? ________________________________

 

 

Complete the table by checking the correct column for each statement.

Statement

Interphase

Mitosis

5.  Cell growth occurs

 

 

6.  Nuclear division occurs

 

 

7. Chromosomes are distributed equally to

      daughter cells.

 

 

8.  Protein production is high

 

 

9.  Chromosomes are duplicated

 

 

10.  DNA synthesis occurs

 

 

11.  Cytoplasm divides immediately after this period

 

 

12.  Mitochondria and other organelles are made.

 

 

 

The following are not in the correct order.  Please answer the questions below. 


 

  1. Which cell is in metaphase? ___________________________________________

 

  1. Cells A and F show an early and late stage of the same phase of mitosis.  What phase is it? _________________________________________________________________

 

  1. In cell A, what is the structure labeled X? ____________________________________

 

  1. In cell F, what is the structure labeled Y? _____________________________________

 

  1. Which cell is not in a phase of mitosis? ______________________________________

 

  1. What two main changes are taking place in cell B? ____________________________

 

  1. Sequence the six diagrams in order from first to last. ___________________________

 

  1. What is the end product of mitosis? ________________________________________
  2. What is the main difference between cytokinesis in plants and animals? ____________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

   

F. Feedback

Students have to opportunity to check with classmates and instructor for feedback on understanding.  Instructor will review any concepts that may need clarification.

 

G. Assessment

Practice Test

Use the image below to answer the following questions.


1. Identify the phase of mitosis. ______________________

2. Label the chromosome.

3. What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatid? ___________________________________________________

4. Label the centriole.

5. What is it's function? ___________________________________

 

Handout #4 

Post Test

 

Rubric

The flip book will be marked out of 40 points according to the rubric.

Content  Organization Creativity 

Includes specific diagrams about the events of Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase

15 points max.

Information is well organized and displayed. Assignment is well developed with specific and complete information.

15 points max. 

Information is presented in a highly creative and innovative manner.  Makes effective use of space available. 

10 points max.

Includes specific diagrams about mitosis but lacks complete information on the stages -or- the importance of organelles involved.

13 points max.

Information is well organized. While it is detailed, it lacks some clarity.

 

13 points max

Creative presentation and effective use of space. 

 

8 points max. 

Includes diagrams on mitosis but the information is generalized. 

11 points max. 

Information is organized but not well integrated.

11 points max. 

Information presented in a clear manner but lacks some creativity. Uses space well.

7 points max. 

Includes diagrams on meiosis but information lacks detail and accuracy.

9 points max. 

Information is weakly organized and not well developed.

9 points max. 

Presentation has little creativity an inefficiently uses space. 

6 points max. 

Inaccurate information.

7 points max. 

Information provided is brief and shows poor organization.

7 points max.

Presentation lacks creativity and fails to use entire space.

5 points max.  

 

G. Closure 

Handout #5: Students will be sent out with a follow up assignment to give extra practice reviewing the concepts covered in the lesson. 

MITOSIS WORKSHEET    

Matching:  Match the term to the description

 

I = interphase                      P = prophase               M = metaphase                A = anaphase           T = telophase

 _____ 1.  The sister chromatids are moving apart.                _____ 8.  Animal cells begin to pinch in.

 

_____ 2.  The nuclear membrane fades from view.                _____9.  The spindle is formed.

 

_____3.  A new nuclear membrane is forms.                         _____10.  Chromatids line up along the equator.

               around the chromosomes    

_____ 4.  The cytoplasm of the cell is being divided.            _____ 11.  Chromosomes are not visible.

 

_____ 5.  The chromatin is found in the nucleus.                   _____ 12.  Cytokinesis begins.

 

_____ 6.  The chromosomes are located at.                            _____ 13.  The cell plate in plants begins to form.  

                the equator of the cell

_____ 7.  The spindles disappear.                                           _____ 14.  The reverse of prophase

 

Fill in the blanks using the word bank below:

Interphase          Prophase          Anaphase          Telophase          Metaphase

 

cytokinesis (2x)     Sister Chromatid          Centromere          Cell Plate

________________18.  In what phase does the cell begin to split the cytoplasm and daughter cells first become visible in mitosis?

 

________________19.  During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles?

 

________________20.  What is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes?

 

________________21.  What is the name of the structure that connects the two sister chromatids?

 

________________22.  In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, what is each individual chromosome half called?

 

________________23. What is the step of cell division where 2 identical daughter cells are formed?

 

________________24.  Which phase of the cell cycle occurs when the cell is preparing to divide so it grows in size making organelles and copying DNA?

 

________________25.  What forms across the center of a plant cell near the end of telophase?

 

________________26. What is the division of the cytoplasm called?

 

________________27. During this phase chromosomes line up in the middle.

 

 

Mitosis Worksheet

The diagram below shows six cells in various phases of the cell cycle. Note the cells are not arranged in the order in which mitosis occurs and one of the phases of mitosis occurs twice. Use the diagram to answer questions 1-7.

 

 

1) Cells A and D show an early and a late stage of the same phase of mitosis. What phase is it?

 

2) Which cell is in metaphase?

 

3) Which cell is in the first phase of mitosis?

 

4) In cell A, what structure is labeled X?

 

5) Place the diagrams in order from first to last.

 

6) Are the cells depicted plant or animal cells? Explain your answer.

 

7) What is the longest phase of the entire cell cycle?

 

8) Why is mitosis important?

 

H. Answer Keys

Answer keys are for instructor use and will not be distributed to the students.

 

1. Entry Behavior Test

  • Question 1: b
  • Question 2: d
  • Question 3: b

2. Pretest

  • Question 1: b
  • Question 2: c
  • Question 3: a

3. Practice Test

  • Question 1: metaphase 
  • Question 2: label the 'X' in the diagram
  • Question 3: Chromosome is made up of 2 sister chromatids
  • Question 4: label the brown structure at either pole of cell
  • Question 5: produce spindle fibers to aid in chromosome movement during cell division 

4. Post Test


 

 

References

Elrod, S., & Stansfield, W. (2011, August 19). The Physical Basis of Heredity Practice Test. Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://www.education.com/study-help/article/physical-basis-heredity-supplementary-problems/

Human Fertilization Fertilized human egg pictures from IVF, in vitro fertilization. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://www.advancedfertility.com/zygotes1.htm

MasteringA&P: A&P Flix 3D animations bring A&P to life. (2013, November 20). Retrieved November 3, 2014, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEJuGFsNeBI

McMahon, M., & Harris, B. (2014, October 30). What is Internal Scar Tissue? Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-internal-scar-tissue.htm

McPherson, J. (2001, December 19). What are protists. Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://www.coleharbourhigh.ednet.ns.ca/library/biology11muellerprotists.htm 

Prokaryotic Cells. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/prokar.html 

Resourcemine. (2012, April 26). Retrieved November 2, 2014, from http://resourcemine.blogspot.com/2012/08/animal-cell-plant-cell-normal-0-false.html

Vann, W. (n.d.). EduPic Cell Drawings. Retrieved November 3, 2014, from http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

 

 

 

 

Comments (0)

You don't have permission to comment on this page.